Journalism 1Origins of the Madeiran press
Journalism
Original title: Jornalismo
Survey of journalism in Madeira with a chronological list of newspapers published on the island from 1821 to 1923, noting that Madeira had the first newspaper in Portugal's overseas domains, O Patriota Funchalense.
1Origins of the Madeiran press
Some years ago our fellow Madeiran Dr Jordão Apolinário de Freitas published, as a loose sheet, an alphabetical list of Madeiran newspapers. The company that publishes this city’s Diário de Noticias corrected and enlarged it in the pamphlet ‘Chronological Survey of Madeiran Journalism’ (Resenha Cronológica do Jornalismo Madeirense), which we shall use to compile the list that follows, adding the names of the newspapers that have appeared here since 1908, the year in which that Resenha was published.
In the Portuguese colonial domains, that is, outside the mainland of the Kingdom (reino, i.e. mainland Portugal), it was on this island that the first newspaper saw the light of day: O Patriota Funchalense (see that entry), which appeared in 1821. By the time the first periodical came out in the Azores, in 1830, eight newspapers had already been published in Funchal.
Once the revolution had taken place in Funchal, says Dr Rodrigues de Azevedo, on 28 January 1821, Dr Nicolau Caetano Bettencourt Pitta planned to set up a printing press and publish a periodical. The press was sent for from Lisbon, together with the printer Alexandre Gervasio Ferreira; and on 2 July of the same year, a day chosen because it was held to be the day of the island’s discovery, no. 1 of O Patriota Funchalense came out, edited by the said Dr Pitta’.
O Patriota Funchalense ceased publication in August 1823. In February of that year the Pregador Imparcial da Verdade, da Justiça e da Lei began to appear, in April the Regedor, and in the same month the Atalaia da Liberdade. We give a brief account of each of these periodicals, and of all the others published on this island, under their respective entries.
2Chronological list of newspapers
1821 – O Patriota Funchalense. 1823 – O Pregador Imparcial da Verdade, da Justiça e da Lei, O Regedor and A Atalaia da Liberdade. 1827 – O Funchalense Liberal and O Defensor da Liberdade. 1828 – O Regedor Filho, A Flor do Oceano and O Realista. 1834 – A Flor do Oceano. 1838 – A Chronica. 1840 – O Defensor, O Imparcial, A Chronica and Chronica Official. 1841 – O Tribunal Secreto. 1842 – O Beija-Flor. 1846 – O Echo da Revolução and O Independente. 1847 – O Madeirense, Boletim Oficial and O Funchalense. 1849 – Correio da Madeira. 1850 – O Amigo do Povo and O Archivista. 1851 – O Agricultor Madeirense, O Estudo and O Progressista. 1852 – A Ordem and O Baratissimo. 1854 – Semanário Oficial and O Clamor Publico. 1855 – A Discussão. 1856 – O Meteoro. 1857 – A Madeira and O Direito. 1858 – A Verdade, A Justiça and A Reforma. 1859 – O Funchalense. 1860 – A Voz do Povo, A Flor do Oceano and Direito. 1861 – A Revista Semanal, A Lei and O Campo Neutro. 1862 – A Aurora do Domingo, Boletim Official do Distrito Administrativo do Funchal, A Pátria, A Imprensa and O Noticioso. 1863 – O Archivo Litterario and O Recreio. 1864 – O Districto do Funchal, O Raio da Madeira and A Tribuna. 1865 – O Paiz, O Crepúsculo and Revista Judicial. 1866 – Gazeta da Madeira, A Sentinella, O Oficial da Ronda, O Commercio do Funchal and As Novidades. 1867 – O Correio do Funchal and A Razão. 1868 – A Fusão, A Aurora Litteraria, O Popular, Imprensa Livre and A Voz Publica. 1870 – A Liberdade and Revista Jurídica. 1871 – A Regeneração and A Onda. 1872 – A Madeira Liberal and A Lâmpada. 1873 – O Oriente do Funchal, A Vergasta and A Lei. 1874 – Estrella Litteraria, O Paquete and O Popular. 1875 – A Verdade, A Aurora Litteraria, A Aurora Liberal, Estrella Academica and O Liberal. 1876 – Diário de Noticias. 1877 – A Penumbra Litteraria, O Districto do Funchal, Echo de Santa Cruz, Diário do Funchal, Boletim Judicial and O Athleta. 1878 – Jornal do Commercio do Funchal, A Ilha da Madeira, Jornal do Funchal, Reflexos, Maceta de Santa Cruz and A Liberdade. 1879 – A Lei, O Progresso, Religião e Progresso and A Liberdade. 1880 – A Grinalda Madeirense and Diário da Madeira. 1881 – A Liga, O Independente, As Novidades and Diário da Tarde. 1882 – Diário da Manhã, A Primavera, The Comet and Diário Popular. 1883 – O Povo, A Mulher, As Faíscas, A Republica and O Palco. 1884 – A Monarchia, O Correio da Manhã and O Academico. 1885 – O Domingo Catholico. 1886 – Jornal de Noticias, A Epocha and Funchalense. 1887 – Jornal da Manhã. 1888 – Jornal do Povo and A Lucta. 1889 – O Monoculo, O Latego, O Imparcial and O Reclame. 1890 – O Combate, O Estudante and A Opinião. 1891 – Portugal, A Espora and Diário do Commercio. 1892 – O Clamor Popular, Atalaia and A Madeira Liberal. 1893 – O Districto. 1894 – A Madeira, Boletim Mensal da Obra Diocesana de São Francisco de Salles and O Zé Povo. 1895 – A Épocha. 1896 – A Voz Publica, A Lucta, O Diário do Commercio, Echo Académico and O Commercio da Madeira. 1897 – Correio do Funchal, A Aurora, A Tribuna Academica, A Madeira, Diário Popular and O Recreio. 1898 – Trip-Trap and Semana Ilustrada. 1899 – A Voz do Operário. 1900 – A Academia and Revista Madeirense. 1901 – Quinzena Religiosa, O Rebate, O Democrata, Correio da Tarde, A Cruz and The Madeira Magazine. 1902 – A Luz da Madrugada, A Ideia, Debate and Revista Litteraria. 1903 – O Democrata. 1904 – O Heraldo da Madeira. 1906 – Alma Académica, O Jornal, A Pátria, A Risota, O Garoto and A Chacota. 1907 – O Povo, Revolucionário, Trabalho e União, Primeiro de Dezembro and Esperança. 1908 – A Voz da Madeira. 1909 – Brado d'Oeste and A Sentinella. 1910 – Rebelde, Comercio do Funchal and Academia. 1911 – Radical, Aurora and A Voz do Povo. 1912 – Diário da Madeira, A Boa Nova, O Defensor, A Escola, Boletim Eclesiástico da Madeira, A Epocha, O Tempo and A Vida. 1913 – O Liberal, A Democracia, Athenista, Alma Nova and A Vida Académica. 1914 – A Regeneração, A Esperança and Parochia de Santo Antonio do Funchal. 1915 – O Realista, A Verdade and O Independente. 1916 – O Chicote, O Imparcial and O Progresso. 1917 – O Democrata. 1918 – A União, O Desporto, O Madeirense, O Seringa, O Atlantico, O Nacional and O Vigilante. 1919 – O Germinal, A Luz, A Esperança, A Sentinella and Gente Nova. 1920 – Echos da Madeira, O Operário, O Commercio da Madeira, Os Novos, A Razão and Revista de Direito. 1921 – Vida Diocesana. 1922 – Correio da Madeira, O Proletário, Terra and Tribuna do Povo. 1923 – A Lanterna, O Cacete, Jornal da Madeira and Sport do Funchal.
In this article
Time
Years mentioned · 06-
Madeira adhered to the liberal revolution and the constitutional regime was solemnly proclaimed in Funchal, the square being renamed Praça da Constituição.
-
The first issue of O Patriota Funchalense, Madeira's first newspaper, appeared in Funchal on the anniversary of the island's discovery.
-
O Patriota Funchalense ceased publication with issue no. 214.
-
The first Azorean periodical appeared on Terceira, by which time eight had already been published in Funchal.
-
Canon Alfredo César de Oliveira founded the Diário de Notícias in Funchal, Madeira's first daily newspaper, whose first issue appeared on 11 October 1876.
-
The Resenha Cronológica do Jornalismo Madeirense was compiled under João Eleutério Martins and published by the Diário de Notícias.
-
At the end of 1923 Luís Vieira de Castro began publishing the daily Jornal da Madeira in Funchal.
Place
Places mentioned · 04Abroad
- Azores
Portugal. Archipelago whose first periodical appeared only in 1830, after eight had been published in Funchal.
The Azores, an Atlantic archipelago that shares plant species with Madeira. The Elucidário records settlement there by Madeiran families such as the Bettencourts, the 1801 ban on Azorean wines in Madeira, and imports of Azorean tobacco. It also notes that Azorean farmers were brought to Madeira to teach maize-growing methods.
- Funchal
City where almost all Madeiran newspapers were published, starting in 1821.
The capital of the archipelago and seat of the principal captaincy, where settlement began; it was made a vila c.1451–52. Its bay, the widest in the archipelago, lies between Ponta do Garajau and Ponta da Cruz and offers sheltered anchorage, though its harbour had never been studied oceanographically. The Elucidário discusses it as a health resort with climate data and records the January 1906 disturbances, the Danish prince's visit in May 1846 and recent volcanic cones in the area.
- Lisbon
Portugal. City from which the first press and printer were brought to Madeira.
The Portuguese capital, seat of the Relação court and of the Misericórdia whose privileges and statutes were extended to Funchal. Henrique Franco de Sousa studied at its Royal Academy of Fine Arts, and Luiz José Baiardo moved there in 1821.
- Santa Cruz
Town with its own newspapers such as Echo de Santa Cruz (1877).
Santa Cruz is a parish and one of Madeira's oldest settlements, named after a cross Zarco had raised there at the discovery. The Elucidário covers its early ecclesiastical history, collegiate church, chapels, noble settlers and localities.
People
People mentioned · 04-
Printer brought from Lisbon with the press used to produce O Patriota Funchalense in 1821.
- Álvaro Rodrigues de Azevedo1825–1898
Historian quoted on the founding of the first Madeiran printing press and newspaper in 1821.
- Jordão Apolinário de Freitasb. 1866
Madeiran scholar who published an alphabetical list of Madeiran newspapers on a single sheet, the basis of this entry's list.
-
Planned the first printing press in Funchal and edited O Patriota Funchalense, Madeira's first newspaper, from 1821.