The principal island of the archipelago, whose streams rise in the central mountain range, flow torrentially and destructively in winter and shrink in summer through diversion into levadas. The Elucidário treats its irrigation system and levada laws, rural remedies, lichens, arachnids and limpets, and records the avocado grown in its lower zone and the cinnamon tree cultivated in quintas and gardens. It also forms the electoral district whose parliamentary representatives are listed.
1Mentioned in
- Krempelhuber — The island whose lichens are the subject of the work.
- Kulczynski (V.) — Islands where the arachnids were collected.
- Lafões (Duke of) — Island included in the commandery.
- Limpets — One of the islands where three limpet species are common.
- Frasão (family) — Island where Pedro Frazão lived.
- Representation in the Cortes — The archipelago whose parliamentary representation the entry records.
- Representation in the Cortes — The electoral district whose representatives are listed.
- Cinnamon tree (Cinnamomum zeylanicun) — The island where the tree is commonly cultivated in quintas and gardens.
- Avocado tree (Persea gratíssima, Gartn) — The avocado tree is cultivated in the island's lower zone.
- Rural medicine — The island whose rural remedies are described.
- Levadas — The island whose irrigation system is the subject of the entry.
- Levadas — The island whose levadas are governed by the laws discussed.
- Levadas — The island where the road and hydraulic works were being carried out.
- Levadas — The island whose forests and irrigation are discussed.
- Ordinance Militia — Island where the ordenanças were established.
- Orelha de boi (Silene venosa) — Island where the plant occurs.
- Orelha de rato (Elatinodes spuria) — The plant lives in the island's lower region.
- Saramago — On Madeira saramago denotes Raphanus raphanistrum.
- Bolsa de pastor (Oxalis corniculata) — Island where the plant is very common and used in folk remedies.
- Hoopoe (Upupa epops) — The island visited by the hoopoe.
- Grey mullet (Mugil corrugatus) — Island whose coastal waters host the mullet.
- Plantain — Island where both species are common.
- Loggerhead turtle (Caouana Oaretta) — Turtles appear in nearby seas.
- Tavares — Where the family settled.
- Tavares (Joaquim da Silva) — Its galls were the subject of his studies.
- Amaral (José Cabral Correia do) — Constituency for which he was elected deputy.
- Plum tree (Prunus domestica) — Island where the plum is widely grown.
- Abrotona (Teucrium betonicum, Herit.) — Island where the plant is frequent, especially on the north coast.
- Bordalo (Francisco Maria) — Destination of the deportees and place of his 1861 health stay.
- Borge (O.) — Source of the algae studied.
- Borges (Vasco) — District he governed.
- Bornmuller (P.) — Where he collected plants.
- Bory (De) — Subject of his travel account.
- Devil ray (Dicerobatis giornae) — The ray sometimes appears near its coast.
- Madeiran bishops — Birthplace of all the prelates listed.
- Anthozoans — The island whose corals and anemones are the subject of the works listed.
- Aragonite — Where aragonite occurs in geodes, twinned and acicular crystals.
- Sheep — Island with acid pastures and about 16,000 sheep, which are kept partly in flocks and partly stalled or tethered.
- La Pérouse (Jean-François de Galaup de) — Island visited by La Pérouse in 1785.
- Chaffinch (Fringilla tintillon) — Island where the chaffinch lives in the wooded middle zone.
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2Chronology
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Porto Santo and Madeira were discovered in the first quarter of the fifteenth century.
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Simão Acciaioly arrived in Madeira from Florence.
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Madeira was discovered by João Gonçalves Zarco and Tristão Vaz under Prince Henry, most commonly dated 1419, by some 1420.
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Antão Pacheco and Gomes Pacheco came to Madeira.
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Cadamosto's voyage to Madeira, in which he described its prized timber including cedar and yew.
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Rui Mendes Pereira, called o Tacão, came to Madeira.
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The Genoese navigator António da Nola called at Madeira on a voyage with Diogo Gomes.
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Prince Henry granted the University of Coimbra twelve marks of silver yearly from the Order of Christ's Madeiran tithes for the chief chair of theology.
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Afonso V granted the archipelago to Prince Fernando, who thus inherited the lordship of Madeira from Prince Henry.
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Pope Paul II issued a brief alluding to the great forest fire of Madeira.
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Pedro de Brito de Oliveira Pestana and his brother settled in Madeira.
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The Florentine João Salviati, implicated in a conspiracy against the Medici, took refuge in Madeira.
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D. Diogo, Duke of Viseu and lord of Madeira, was killed by King João II, and the lordship passed to his brother D. Manuel.
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Afonso Sanches reportedly sailed from Portugal, was carried to America and later landed in Madeira.
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A letter of João II ordered the captains to restore obstructed levadas, fining obstructors 500 cruzados, and referred to their 'terradas & trastes'.