John II
D. João II
king of Portugal
King of Portugal whose letters of 7 and 8 May 1493 barred private ownership of springs in Madeira, protecting the levadas. His 1493 charter is the oldest known measure against deforestation on the island, and Funchal was asked to hold his funeral rites in 1495.
1Mentioned in
- Levadas — King of Portugal whose letters of 7 and 8 May 1493 barred private ownership of springs in Madeira.
- Levadas — King of Portugal whose letter of 7 May denied landowners rights to springs rising on their land, protecting levadas.
- Levadas — King of Portugal whose royal letters on water rights were cited in 1768.
- Levadas — King of Portugal whose 1493 charter is the oldest known measure against deforestation in Madeira.
- Municipalities — King of Portugal whose nobles resisted royal power, contrasted here with the more prudent Madeiran donataries.
- Order of Christ — King succeeded by D. Manuel.
- Sousa — King of Portugal in whose household Rui de Sousa served.
- Henriques — King of Portugal whom D. Henrique Henriques served.
- Funeral rites — King whose funeral Funchal was asked to hold in 1495.
- Câmara (Simão Gonçalves da) — King of Portugal who asked Simão Gonçalves to relieve Arzila.
- Jerónimo Fernando (Dom) — King of Portugal, husband of Queen Leonor.
- Fernandes (Gonçalo) — King of Portugal whom Gonçalo Fernandes allegedly should have succeeded.
- Andrade — King of Portugal who granted arms to João Fernandes de Andrade in 1485.
- Grants — King of Portugal who killed Prince Diogo.
- Câmara (João Gonçalves da) — King who led the Larache expedition and honoured the subject.
- Diogo (Duke Dom) — King of Portugal and brother-in-law of D. Diogo, whom he killed in 1481.
- Columbus (Christopher) — King of Portugal in whose reign the house was restored.
- Forest regime — King whose 1493 charter reserved ash and cedar trees for the Crown.
- Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) — King of Portugal whose 1493 letter reserved ash and cedar trees to the Crown.
- Water — King of Portugal whose charters of 1493 are the oldest known laws on Madeiran irrigation water.
- Traste — King of Portugal whose letter of 8 May 1493 mentions the 'trastes' of the levadas, the earliest use of the term cited here.
- Pinheiro (Dom Diogo) — King of Portugal against whom the Duke of Bragança allegedly conspired.
2Chronology
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D. Diogo, Duke of Viseu and lord of Madeira, was killed by King João II, and the lordship passed to his brother D. Manuel.
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D. Fernando, Duke of Bragança, was executed for conspiracy against João II.
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King João II granted arms to João Fernandes de Andrade.
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King João II issued charters regulating irrigation water and denying private rights over springs, and reserving ash and cedar wood to the Crown, the oldest such laws known in Madeira.
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A letter of João II ordered the captains to restore obstructed levadas, fining obstructors 500 cruzados, and referred to their 'terradas & trastes'.
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D. Manuel ascended the throne and asked the Funchal council to acclaim him and hold João II's funeral rites.
3Places mentioned
Abroad